Factors That Led to the Growth of the Concept of New Public Management Essay

late Public care is an attempt to reorient and restructure usual bureaucratism in the era of globalisation, liberalisation. Following are the main factors which contributed to the fruit of newfound Public Management perspectives1. Reaction against Bureaucratic Administration and Elephantine growth of governmental expenditure The impact of globalisation has been significant on the populace administration. The globalisation prompted such changes such as increased put downdependence among narrates, decrement intrade barriers among nations, growing use of information and communication technology and tight-fitting realignment of public and private sectors. The prevailing state bureaucracy was not able to subject these challenges as it was too unwieldy, unresponsive, inefficient, ineffective and not suitable to face uphill challenger.In the decade of 1980, the bureaucracy came under severe criticism for the higher up deficiency. Also, in 1970s and 1980s, due to public eudaimo nia orientation, there was an spendthrift growth in government expenditure which was poorly managed by the elephantine state bureaucracy. Under these circumstances both the size and role of the state was questioned under the prevailing conditions.2. Impact of Neo-liberalism The political ideology of neo-liberalism has held a commanding presence during 1980s and 1990s as far as the constitution and role of the state is concerned. Neo-liberalism advocated possessive presence of markets against state, rolling-back the state in welfare activities, maximizing individual liberty and freedoms. The tenets of neo-liberalism have close bearing on the rise of New Public Management.3. Hold of New Right school of thought in U.K. and U.S.A. The New Right philosophy with more efficient allotment of resources through market mechanism and less role of the state in social and economic sphere held its sway in 1970s in the U.K. and the U.S.A. Thus, it is not surprising that the new public manag ement perspective was around popular in these countries.4. Washington Consensus The Washington consensus is a set of economic reform measures evolved in 1989 by IMF, World Bank, U.s. Congress and scholars such as Williamson to restructure economies in view of financial crisis of 1980s in Latin American countries. It is a structural adjustment and economic stabilisation political platform which advocated trade and financial liberalisation, privatisation and deregulation of domestic markets. The tenets of Washington consensus bear close affinity with the New Public Management perspective.5. Influence of Public prime(a) Approach The public choice approach pro-pounded byeconomists such as Fullock, Niskanen, Buchanen, argues that the dominant feature of human behaviour is self interest, which should be maximised through the constitution of multiple public service agencies that would amplify the scope of peoples choice. It emphasises on the competition and efficiency among the multipl e public service spoken language mechanism. This approach has influenced the fundamental principles of the New Public Management.Thus, the New Public Management perspective is the result of a number of pull factors such as inefficiency of the state and traditional bureaucracy and certain pull factors such as neo-liberalism, New Right Philosophy, public choice approach and Washington consensus which inter alias supported roll-back of the state, dominance of Market mechanism and need of competition and efficiency